Child With Obesity - Definition,Causes of Obesity

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Obesity Complications

Obesity Management

Dr Ira Shah
M.D, DCH(Gold Medalist), FCPS, DNB

What is obesity ?
Obesity is defined as body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 95^th percentile for age and sex with/without any complications. [BMI is expressed as body weight in kilograms/square of height in meters (kg/m2)].

What are the causes of obesity ?
Though, the list of endogenous obesity is vast, the primary cause of obesity in children is exogenous either due to overeating, inadequate exercise or eating disorder.

The endogenous causes of obesity are:-

Genetic disorders :- Lawrence Moon Biedl syndrome< and Cohen's syndrome. They present with dysmorphic features, developmental delay and sometimes retinal changes and deafness in addition to obesity.

Children with Prader Willi syndromehave growth failure and have almond shape eyes. Males have undescended testes.

Endocrine disorders :-
Hypothyroidism - Presents with poor linear growth, mental subnormality, bradycardia, and constipation with/without a goiter.Cushing's syndrome - It also presents with poor linear growth, hirsuitism, truncal obesity and violaceous striae.

The exogenous causes of obesity usually cause the child to be tall, though ultimately the adult height may be less. All the endogenous causes of obesity are associated with delayed bone age. However, exogenous obesity may cause advanced bone age.

Next : Obesity Complications

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