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ISSN 0973 - 0958
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NUTRITION IN CHILDHOOD
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COMPOSITION OF BREAST MILK COMPARED TO COW'S MILK (Per 100gm)
| HUMAN'S MILK |
COW'S MILK |
HUMAN'S MILK |
COW'S MILK |
||
Water (gm) |
85.2 |
87.4 |
Sodium(mg) |
16.0 |
50.0 |
Energy (kcal) |
77.0 |
65.0 |
Potassium(mg) |
51.0 |
144.0 |
Protein (gm) |
1.1 |
3.5 |
Vitamin A(IU) |
240.0 |
140.0 |
Fat (gm) |
4.0 |
3.5 |
Thiamine (mg) |
0.01 |
0.03 |
CHO (gm) |
9.5 | 4.9 | Riboflavin(mg) | 0.04 | 0.17 |
Total ash (gm) |
0.2 | 0.7 | Niacin (mg) | 0.2 | 0.1 |
Calcium (mg) |
33.0 | 118.0 | Ascorbic acid (mg) | 5.0 | 1.0 |
Phosphorus(mg) |
14.0 | 93.0 |
| HUMAN'S MILK | COW'S MILK |
1.60% of protein is lactalbumin and the remaining is casein |
1.15% of protein is lactalbumin and the remaining is casein. |
2. It forms soft curds and is therefore easily digestible |
2.It forms larger, tougher curds and therefore slowly digestible. |
3. It has fats of long chain fatty acids |
3.It has fats of short chain fatty acids which acts as irritants to the intestinal tract. |
4. It has low contents of calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium but is easily absorbed |
4.It has higher contents of calcium, phosphorus Na & K. Some healthy infants fed cow's milk have a syndrome of convulsion known as neonatal tetany about the sixth day of life. This is believed to be due to high blood phosphorus level |
5.Ash content it three times less than in cow's milk. |
5.Cow's milk has three times more ash content than in human milk & because of the lesser capacity of the infant's kidney to excrete wastes, the high ash content of cow's milk may prevent too high a solute load, which may cause diarrhoea |
6.It can meet the infant's ascorbic acid requirements. |
6.It cannot meet the infant's ascorbic acid requirement & hence needs to be supplemented. |
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